Which of the following accurately describes the hydrophilic portion of a phospholipid?

• A. It repels water
• B. It attracts water
• C. It is insoluble in water
• D. It is similar to fatty acids

Answer: (B)

The hydrophilic portion of a phospholipid is accurately described as attracting water. This part of the phospholipid molecule is typically comprised of a phosphate group that is polar and charged, allowing it to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This ability to interact with water makes the hydrophilic portion soluble in water, playing a crucial role in the formation of cell membranes.

In contrast, the hydrophobic portion of the phospholipid, which consists of long fatty acid chains, repels water and is insoluble in it. It is this dual nature of phospholipids, with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails, that allows them to form bilayers in aqueous environments, anchoring the structural integrity of cell membranes.